• Regional Water Resource Evaluations
  
• Water Availability Reports for Municipalities and Subdivisions
  
• Well Siting
  
• Well Design

• Well Construction Supervision
  
• Pumping Tests
  
• Water Development Effects on Vegetation

• Regional subsurface stratigraphic correlations for basin analysis (publication)
• Isotopic studies to constrain timing and rate of recharge (publication)
• Geochemical ‘fingerprinting’ of aquifers
• Installation of groundwater monitoring networks to monitor water level fluctuations relative to precipitation
• Mapping of geology and structures influencing recharge
• Stream gaging to identify ‘losing’ stream reaches that recharge the aquifer and ‘gaining’ stream reaches that are aquifer discharge points
• Well and spring inventories for tribal governments
• Evaluation of effects of groundwater development on sacred sites

Back to Top
Back to Home Page

• Conducting water availability investigations, including testing existing on-site wells, siting, drilling, and testing additional on-site wells if required, identifying and obtaining data from off-site wells that may be substituted in lieu of on-site data in some circumstances, geologic mapping to demonstrate the extent of aquifer(s) underlying a property, as well as additional methods as needed.
• Preparing ‘full’ geohydrologic reports required by County review boards.
• Preparing ‘reconnaissance’ geohydrologic reports required by County review boards.
• Groundwater modeling to demonstrate effects of on-site and off-site pumping and to analyze long-term viability of the proposed water source. We use MODFLOW^TM
• Meeting with County and State reviewers to identify and resolve potential hurdles in the development review process.
• Assistance with water-rights acquisitions and transfers that may be required for the development.

Back to Top
Back to Home Page

• Geologic mapping
• Aerial photo analysis
• Geologic map analysis
• Topographic map analysis
• Aeromagnetic data analysis
• Review of published and unpublished literature

Back to Top
Back to Home Page

• Lithologic data from well cuttings
• Geophysical logs of the borehole
• Grain size analyses of cuttings
• Water quality data from open-hole zone sampling programs
• ASTM/AWWA well construction standards
• Local, state, and federal well design standards

Back to Top
Back to Home Page

• Logging cuttings to identify potentially productive intervals
• Monitoring drilling fluid properties
• Confirming borehole deviation measurements to ensure a straight borehole
• Measuring and recording all well completion materials
• Verifying the location of screened and blank casing intervals during construction

Back to Top
Back to Home Page

• Conducting short-term pre-test or step-drawdown test.
• Determining the pumping rate for a longer duration (generally 48-hour, 96-hour, or 168-hour) constant-rate pumping test.
• Monitoring discharge during the long-term test to maintain a constant discharge rate. Discharge is measured with both an in-line flow meter and a circular-orofice weir (LEFT) to provide redundancy.
• Monitoring water levels manually with a sounder (e-line) for the duration of the test. Where possible, water levels are also monitored with a dedicated transducer to provide data redundancy.
• Monitoring water levels in nearby observation wells.
• Analyzing the test data to determine the long-term sustainable yield of the well and recommend a permanent pump setting.
• Identifying aquifer boundaries (recharge or limiting boundaries) that may influence sustainable yield.

Back to Top
Back to Home Page

Specific skills assessing vegetation health include:
• Isotopic studies estimating effective rooting depth and zones of water uptake
• Measurements of transpiration using gas exchange and/or sapflow techniques
• Estimates of transpiration using micrometeorological data
• Assessment of vegetation health/diversity
• Evaluation of causes of vegetation decline

Back to Top
Back to Home Page